Multi-View (Stereo 3D) is in Blender (to be released in 2.75)

Is there a possibility to view the anaglyph mode in black and white?

It’s almost impossible to check the stereo with other colors and the only way I can see it in black and white is to go through the compositor and desaturate the render. Maybe this is already possible to display stereo in black and white directly in the viewport and the image editor?

This is not supported at the moment. That said you can probably get a similar result using Matcap (if the textures are not required)